08/31/2026
LIFE-THREATENING EMERGENCY: BLOAT
Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV)
Gastric Dilation-Volvulus (GDV), known widely as bloat, is a sudden, life-threatening emergency where a dog's stomach fills with gas, food or fluid (dilatation) and then twists on its axis (volvulus). This twisting traps the gas inside and cuts off vital blood supply to the stomach and spleen, causing rapid tissue death, systemic shock and cardiovascular collapse. GDV is a get-in-your-car-and-go-now sort of emergency. Bloat progresses rapidly.
GDV can happen to any dog, but large deep-chested breeds like Great Danes are most susceptible to the condition. (Other commonly affected dogs are listed at the bottom. )
SYMPTOMS:
* Unproductive retching or trying to vomit with no success
* Restlessness, pacing or crying out
* Swollen, tight or hard belly
* Heavy drooling or foaming at the mouth
* Droopy head and/or chest, rigid neck or hunched back
* Fast or trouble breathing
* Pale gums, weakness or collapse
CAUSES:
Eating too fast, eating one large meal a day or heavy exercise right after eating can contribute.
TREATMENT:
Without emergency surgery, GDV is 100% fatal.
PREVENTION:
Feed multiple small meals instead of one large one, invest in a slow-feeding bowl, avoid raised food bowls, avoid high-fat foods and kibble, avoid heavy exercise (running and playing) for at least 90 minutes after eating, monitor water intake after meals and exercise (no chugging) and keep mealtime free of stress and competition.
GASTROPEXY:
Surgical prevention is recommended for dogs at high risk of GDV. By permanently attaching the stomach to the abdominal wall, a gastropexy prevents the stomach from twisting when filled with gas. The American Veterinary Medical Association reports a 95% success rate.
At Animal Clinic of Sterling Heights, our veterinarians offer both traditional and laproscopic options.
DOGS MOST AT RISK:
Great Danes, Weimaraners, Irish Setters, Standard Poodles, Rottweilers, Dobermans, Bloodhounds, Gazehounds (Irish & Scottish Wolfhounds, Greyhounds, Borzois, etc), other deep-chested breeds, dogs over 100 lbs and dogs with first-degree relatives who've been afflicted by bloat.