22/10/2026
One of the very first things I do with a new horse under saddle is check that they have a good understanding of the basic aids: legs for GO, rein pressure for SLOW/STOP (yes, this comes before the more sublte response to the seat...), opening of the direct rein for TURN…
I don’t do anything much fancier than basic halt-walk-trot transitions until I feel that not only does my horse respond to light aids, but they can also maintain the response without me having to constantly remind them — which brings us to the very much talked-about self-carriage.
To make it simple, self-carriage means the horse can maintain their balance and way of going without constant support from the rider. If I ask for trot, for example, I want the horse to maintain the speed, rhythm and direction I’ve asked for until I give another cue.
Good self-carriage requires the horse to have sufficient postural control and balance for the exercise being asked, while also understanding the aids well enough to maintain the response independently. As this develops, we can work towards a horse that is more balanced, confident and relaxed in their work.
One simple way I check this is by moving my inside hand forward and briefly giving away the rein (works with the two hands too!). I’m not looking for the horse to maintain a particular head position — I’m looking at whether the rhythm, speed, direction or balance changes when that support disappears. If the horse speeds up, slows down, falls in or out, or loses balance, that tells me they’re not yet maintaining that way of going independently.
A horse that needs to be constantly nagged with the leg to keep going, or constantly held with the reins to prevent them from speeding up, isn’t demonstrating good self-carriage. The rider is having to continually apply pressure to maintain the response.
From a learning theory perspective, pressure should have a clear meaning and be released when the horse gives the correct response. If we constantly have to apply leg or rein pressure, that release becomes less clear and the horse can habituate to the aids or become confused about which response actually makes the pressure disappear.
So before worrying about anything fancy, this is one of my priorities with every horse I have in training: light aids, clear responses, and a horse that can maintain those responses without being constantly held or nagged.