09/05/2026
Caudal Tail Traction: What Does the Research Tell Us?
Caudal tail traction involves applying a slow, steady pull backward through the horse’s tail. It has traditionally been used by therapists to influence the back and pelvic region, but what does the research actually show?
A 2020 study by Long, McGowan and Hyytiäinen investigated 11 horses with clinical signs of back pain.
Before treatment, the researchers measured mechanical nociceptive thresholds at several locations over the horses’ thoracic, lumbar and pelvic regions. This measures how much pressure can be applied before the horse responds and gives researchers a way of assessing changes in pressure sensitivity.
The tail traction was carefully standardized:
* the horse stood square with the neck straight
* the tail was plaited
* 4.5 kg (approximately 10 lb) of steady traction was applied using a digital scale
* traction was held for 20 seconds
* followed by 10 seconds of release
* repeated three times
* the pull followed the slope of the croup
Immediately afterward, the horses tolerated significantly more pressure at all of the areas measured.
Mechanical nociceptive thresholds increased by approximately:
* 83% in the thoracic region
* 50% in the lumbar region
* 52% in the pelvic region
Interestingly, the greatest change occurred in the thoracic region, some distance from where the traction was applied.
This suggests that the response cannot necessarily be explained simply as a local mechanical effect at the tail or pelvis. Traction provides mechanical and sensory input that can influence muscular activity, postural responses and the way nociceptive information is processed by the nervous system.
The study was small, had no control group and measured only the immediate response, so it does not prove that tail traction treats back pain or produces lasting changes.
What it does show is interesting: a brief session of standardized caudal tail traction produced an immediate reduction in pressure sensitivity across the thoracic, lumbar and pelvic regions of horses with signs of back pain.
Study: Long K, McGowan CM, Hyytiäinen HK. Effect of caudal traction on mechanical nociceptive thresholds of epaxial and pelvic musculature in horses with signs of back pain. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2020.
https://koperequine.com/a-few-signs-of-poll-head-upper-neck-issues/