09/01/2026
Punishment, Corrections, and Boundaries
I know there's a lot of controversy surrounding punishment when it comes to dogs. However, without some kind of line drawn between desired and undesired behaviors, reaching training goals can get frustrating for the owner and confusing for the dog.
There are two types of punishment in dog training: Negative Punishment and Positive Punishment.
Positive punishment: something is added → behavior decreases in the future.
Example: dog jumps up → handler applies leash pressure → jumping decreases.
Negative punishment: something is removed → behavior decreases in the future.
Example: dog jumps up for attention → person removes attention → jumping decreases.
So many people are looking for one right path to take, and a trainer who magically fixes all their problems and has all the answers.
This is not realistic.
Dogs are not chocolate chip cookies that you can make using the same circle shaped cookie cutter.
There are a lot of factors to take into consideration, not just getting from point A to point B. Such as the dog's personality, your living situation, their daily routine, how consistent you are, any physical or medical limitations, and so much more!
So, how do you choose what to use?
Simple answer, trial and error, while being fair to the dog. Each is an individual, which means one way that works for one dog may not work for another. Perhaps a third dog benefits from several different ways. I personally take those things into consideration, while coming at training from a teacher mindset, as opposed to a "do what I say because I said it" mentality. If I get frustrated or discouraged, that's a me problem, not the dog's problem. It's important to add yourself into the equation too, which includes considering your needs, limitations, personality, daily life, etc.
For Legendary Service Dogs, this is how we define them:
- A punishment is a consequence that decreases a behavior.
- A correction gives the dog feedback that what they just did was incorrect or should change.
- A boundary establishes what is and isn't available or permitted.
Here's an example:
A dog crosses a known doorway threshold.
- Boundary: Don’t cross without permission.
- Correction: The handler interrupts the behavior and guides the dog back.
- Punishment: If that consequence makes crossing the threshold less likely in the future, it functioned as punishment.
That doesn't mean every boundary needs to be taught the same way. Boundaries can also be taught without positive punishment: by preventing access, reinforce being behind the threshold, and building the desired behavior.
The dog should also have a reasonable opportunity to learn the behavior before being corrected. We call this the Learning Phase.
A boundary should not exist just to control the dog. A correction should not come from anger or frustration. And punishment should not replace teaching.
The goal is not to punish the dog for making mistakes. It's to help the dog understand what is expected of them.
There is no one right way to teach a dog.