03/31/2026
Gastrointestinal stasis (GI stasis; gastrointestinal hypomotility/ileus) is one of the most common life-threatening emergencies in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Because rabbits are hindgut fermenters with a highly specialized cecal microbiome, normal gastrointestinal motility is essential for maintaining microbial balance, digestion, and overall metabolic health.
When gut motility slows or stops, ingesta and gas accumulate within the gastrointestinal tract. This can rapidly lead to severe abdominal pain, dehydration, dysbiosis of the cecal microflora, and hepatic lipidosis if anorexia persists. Without prompt veterinary intervention, GI stasis can become fatal within 24â48 hours.
Early clinical signs often include:
⢠Anorexia or hyporexia (reduced food intake)
⢠Decreased f***l output or absence of f***l pellets
⢠Hunched posture (indicative of abdominal pain)
⢠Lethargy and reduced activity
Common predisposing factors include low-fiber diets, dental disease, dehydration, stress, pain, systemic illness, or gastrointestinal obstruction. Because rabbits rely on continuous intake of indigestible fiber to stimulate gastrointestinal motility, unlimited grass hay is a critical component of prevention.
đ¨ A rabbit that stops eating should always be treated as a veterinary emergency. If your rabbit shows any of these signs, contact an exotics veterinarian immediately.
Education and early recognition can save lives.
Sources
Harcourt-Brown, F. (2002). Textbook of Rabbit Medicine. Butterworth-Heinemann.
Meredith, A., & Flecknell, P. (2011). BSAVA Manual of Rabbit Medicine. British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
Quesenberry, K. E., & Carpenter, J. W. (2021). Ferrets, Rabbits, and Rodents: Clinical Medicine and Surgery (4th ed.). Elsevier.
Varga, M. (2014). Textbook of Rabbit Medicine (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann.
House Rabbit Society
VCA Animal Hospitals