06/23/2026
What is Equine Viral Papillomatosis?
Equine Viral Papillomatosis is a very common problem in horses that leads to ‘equine warts’, which often appear as small lumps on the skin, particularly around the horse’s muzzle.
The warts are caused by papilloma viruses which means the virus enters the skin cells directly, causing the lesions. They are generally benign and therefore do not spread throughout the body.
Often, the warts are generally cosmetic and do not affect the horse, resulting in no necessary treatment. Occasionally they can grow large, affecting the horse’s ability to eat and they can also become painful and infected. If this occurs, surgical removal can be performed.
Papillomaviruses are contagious and can be spread by contact. They can survive in the environment for around 2 months. It is important to isolate the infected horse (although please note the incubation period can be up to 60 days).
The majority of warts are of little clinical significance to a horse but it is best to have them checked by your veterinarian to ensure that they are not another ongoing disease.
