08/23/2026
Flight attendants and pilots ranked first and second for radiation-linked cancer deaths across over 500 jobs.
A new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine analyzed nearly 13 million U.S. death certificates recorded between 2020 and 2024, comparing cancer mortality across 503 occupations.
Flight attendants had the highest proportion of deaths from cancers associated with ionizing radiation. Pilots ranked second.
After adjusting for factors including age at death, s*x, race, ethnicity, education and marital status, flight attendants had approximately 50% higher odds of dying from one of these cancers than the general working population. Pilots had 36% higher odds.
The absolute difference was smaller but still notable.
Around 6.9% of flight attendant deaths and 6.7% of pilot deaths were attributed to radiation-associated cancers, compared with 5% across the broader working population.
That is approximately 1 in 14 aircrew deaths, compared with 1 in 20 among workers overall.
The researchers included cancers previously associated with radiation exposure, including leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma and cancers of the breast, thyroid, prostate, skin and central nervous system.
Flight attendants and pilots had significantly elevated deaths from breast, central nervous system and prostate cancers, as well as melanoma. Pilots also had elevated leukemia deaths.
One possible explanation arrives from space.
Cosmic radiation consists of high-energy particles originating from the sun and beyond the solar system. Earth’s atmosphere absorbs much of it before it reaches the ground, but aircraft travel above a large portion of that protective layer.
Exposure rises with altitude, time in the air and distance from the equator. Long flights over polar regions can produce particularly high doses.
However, the study did not measure anyone’s actual radiation exposure, flight hours or routes. It also could not fully account for disrupted sleep, repeated time-zone changes, ultraviolet exposure or other cancer risk factors.
The findings therefore show an association, not proof that cosmic radiation caused these deaths. The term “radiation-associated cancer” describes the types of cancer analyzed, not the confirmed cause of every case.
Learn more:
"Cancer-Related Mortality Among US Pilots and Flight Attendants." JAMA