09/03/2026
In light of the news of a large-scale exposure at a petting zoo in North Carolina, it’s a good time to talk about rabies.
The rabies virus can infect any warm-blooded animal (yes, including opossums, whose lower body temperature makes them less susceptible but not immune to rabies) although it does not affect all species equally. Depending on how it’s transmitted the incubation time, or how long it takes to show symptoms, is highly variable. The most obvious signs are unexplained behavioral and neurological changes. Rabies, once symptoms arise, is nearly always fatal and there is no reliable treatment.
In Maine some of the common species we worry about are raccoons, foxes, skunks, and bats. Bats especially can pose issues because their bites can be very tiny and can go unnoticed. If you find a bat in your house, it’s best to treat it as a possible rabies exposure for your pet and to avoid making direct contact with it yourself.
If your pet has any possible exposure, either because of an encounter with wildlife or with another unvaccinated pet, it’s best to get them a rabies booster as soon as possible regardless of when their last vaccine was, in order to increase the amount of circulating antibodies to fight the virus. You should also contact the game warden to report the incident and, if there’s any possibility you yourself have been exposed, contact your health provider.
For more information the Maine Department of Health and Human Services is a great resource: https://www.maine.gov/dhhs/mecdc/diseases-conditions/animal-borne-diseases/rabies
[A map from the CDC showing confirmed animal rabies cases from 2019-2023.]