03/10/2026
An 80kg dairy X bull calf recently presented for a 2-day history of bloating and being off feed.
The owner reported the bloating had gradually gotten worse. They had treated it with pain relief, electrolytes and antibiotics with no improvement, and a gradual decline.
When we arrived to examine it, the calf was out in the paddock still - it was severely bloated in the abdomen, tight as a drum, with distension even across both the left and right sides of the abdomen. Amazingly it was still on its feet although it was so sick we could approach it and restrain it easily.
Initially a needle was used to relieve critical gas distension before the calf was transported in a trailer to a dry, covered area for further examination and ultrasound.
Once under cover, a tube was passed to see if more gas could be passed from the rumen, which it did quite well, indicating there was free gas in the rumen and no oesophageal obstructions.
Its temperature was 38.4 degrees celsius. There was a clear pinging on percussion of the lower right abdomen, under the ribs.
Ultrasound was used to scan the right and left abdomen. A large, fluid filled viscus was visible in the right flank, extending down from the top to ventrum. This was consistent with a distended abomasum. On the left side, a gas filled viscus was visible, consistent with a gas-distended rumen.
Given the strong surgical indicators the owner elected euthanasia ofthe calf and we were able to do a post mortem.
On opening the right abdomen, we were met with a massive distended abomasum sitting over a gas filled rumen.
The abomasum had what appeared to be a recent torsion. There were two green areas on the surface of the abomasum where it was evident more than just a twist had happened. On opening the abomasum, there was a thickened area about 15cm in diameter with partial thickness ulceration and infection, a large area of reddened mucosa adjacent, and the abomasal contents were dark brown.