11/09/2026
Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus, or GDV, is one of the true emergencies we see in veterinary practice — and knowing the signs can make all the difference.
GDV happens when a dog's stomach fills with gas and then twists on itself, trapping the gas and cutting off blood flow to vital organs. It's most commonly seen in large, deep-chested breeds, including Great Danes, Saint Bernards, Weimaraners, Irish Setters, Gordon Setters, Standard Poodles, Doberman Pinschers, Old English Sheepdogs and Basset Hounds, though it can occasionally affect smaller dogs and even cats.
If your pet shows any of the following, please contact your veterinary practice immediately:
- A swollen or bloated abdomen
- Pale gums
- Unsuccessful attempts to vomit, or dry retching
- Pain when the abdomen is touched
- Restlessness or distress
- Excessive drooling
- Difficulty breathing
- Weakness or collapse
GDV can progress to shock very quickly, and becomes fatal without urgent treatment, so time really does matter here. As the stomach expands and twists, it stops food and gas from passing normally, compresses major blood vessels, and reduces blood flow to vital organs, quickly leading to severe shock and, without treatment, tissue death or rupture.
GDV is diagnosed through a physical examination and x-rays to confirm whether the stomach has rotated. Treatment is always urgent, and may involve pain relief and stabilisation, relieving pressure in the stomach, intravenous fluids, and surgery to reposition the stomach and remove any damaged tissue, often alongside a gastropexy to help prevent it happening again.
With prompt treatment, the outlook is genuinely encouraging — current studies suggest around 80–85% of dogs survive to discharge following surgery, though every case is different, and prognosis depends on things like how quickly treatment was sought and the severity at presentation.
While GDV can't always be prevented, a few things can help: feeding smaller, more frequent meals, avoiding vigorous exercise straight after eating, and, for high-risk breeds, discussing preventative gastropexy with your vet.
If you're ever concerned your pet might be showing signs of GDV, please don't wait, contact your veterinary practice straight away. Time really can save a life.