10/09/2026
Do looks matter when dogs communicate with each other?
A new study from the University of Parma explored whether brachycephalic dogs (flat-faced dogs like Frenchies, Pugs, Bulldogs) struggle to “speak dog” because of their flat faces, short muzzles, or reduced tail movement.
What they found might surprise you:
👉 Brachycephalic dogs communicated just as effectively as mesocephalic dogs (Medium/long-muzzled dogs - e.g., shepherds, retrievers) during controlled dog–dog greetings.
👉 Dogs did react differently depending on who they were meeting:
• Many dogs showed more tongue flicks when approached by a brachycephalic dog — a sign of uncertainty or “I’m not sure about this yet.”
• Dogs showed more play bows when approached by mesocephalic dogs — a clearer “friendly intentions” signal.
👉 Breed groups also showed predictable patterns:
• Shepherds were more alert and socially tuned‑in.
• Hunting dogs barked more.
• Guardian-type breeds showed calm vigilance.
• Small companion-type dogs tended to be more avoidant.
What this means for everyday dog owners:
💛 Your dog’s reactions aren’t just about “behaviour problems” — they’re shaped by how they read the other dog’s body language.
💛 Flat‑faced dogs aren’t “bad communicators,” but other dogs may find their signals a little harder to interpret at first.
💛 If your dog seems unsure around certain morphotypes, it’s not misbehaviour — it’s communication.
💛 Giving dogs space, slow introductions, and calm environments helps them decode each other safely.
Why this matters:
Understanding how dogs perceive different body shapes helps us prevent reactivity, support positive greetings, and reduce stress for both ends of the lead.
📖 Reference: Canori, C., Biffi, E., Gaggia, L., Iuliano, B., & Valsecchi, P. (2025). Do looks matter? Investigating facial expressions and intraspecific communication across different dog morphotypes. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 291, 106720.