Veterinary Channel

04/10/2026

A review on the Fresh Pet Food Market in the USA.

Fresh pet food is everywhere—refrigerated diets, frozen “human-grade” meals, and raw feeding plans—and clients are asking if fresh automatically means health...

03/27/2026

Brief description of a cow's digestive system.
Esophagus
The esophagus is the tube that carries food and water from the mouth to the stomach. In cows, it also helps bring partially digested food back to the mouth for cud chewing.

Reticulum
The reticulum is the second compartment of the cow’s stomach. It works with the rumen to trap heavy objects and helps move feed particles for rumination.

Rumen
The rumen is the largest stomach compartment. It acts as a fermentation vat where microbes break down fiber and plant material, producing nutrients the cow can use.

Omasum
The omasum absorbs water, minerals, and some nutrients from the digested feed. It also helps reduce the size of feed particles before they move on.

Abomasum
The abomasum is the “true stomach” of the cow. It uses acid and digestive enzymes to break down feed and microbes, similar to the stomach of monogastric animals.

Intestines
The intestines complete digestion and absorb nutrients, water, and minerals into the body. They also help form and move waste out of the body.